Marketing Research Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Research Report - Essay Example ustomer is influenced by large portions of meals, being served by competent employees, the quality of food served, atmosphere in the hotel, the prices of the foods and drinks and the level of satisfaction. According to Wooldridge, J. (2006), customers are in need of varying needs for their money. To him, a customer is motivated to visit a business venture for services and goods by the prices in offer. Prices determine the buying willingness of a customer. For any organization to be able make tangible sales, one of the factors to consider while designing a product or a service is the price. Many people are willing to pay at medium price other lower or higher prices. Although according to him further, higher priced products and services are thought to be of high quality although not always. To Richmond, H (2008), the level of customer satisfaction determines whether he/she will be willing to come again. A customer is always pulled to seek for services in a restaurant or any business venture if satisfied by the services/products offered. If not satisfied, coming again is a problem. To him, each and every business venture always struggles to satisfy their customers since it is from them that, profits accrue. To retain customers and to get new ones depends on the ways they are treated. This ranges from the services they are offered, their quality price among many other considerations. However, according to Mailu, S (2004), the level of employee competence says a lot in terms of the work ethics. Generally, a competent employee is likely to be aware of all the ethics involved in the job. To him, customer highly value goods and services offered by competent employees as they confidence in them. To him further, employees are the ladder through which an organization can prosper. Quality of the service offered on the other hand has a lot to say. Gary, R (2007) argues that, the quality of a produce is the key to successful entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur should always

Compare and contrast marx and weber's theory of mondern domination Essay

Compare and contrast marx and weber's theory of mondern domination - Essay Example Marx argued that this is main feature of capitalism. Markets existed in Europe before the advent of capitalism where commodities were bought and sold. Capitalism developed as peasants became free to sell their labor power. They no longer possessed their own land. In return they received money which allows them to survive. He termed the peasants who sold their labor as â€Å"proletarians†. Marx stated that the struggle between capitalists and workers determines the wages in which victory is for the capitalists. The capitalists are more united and can live longer as compared with the workers (Tucker, 48). The wage rate determined by the capitalist is very low for the worker because it is at the subsistence level. It allows the worker to survive and support his family only. Capitalism also leads to production of men as commodities. The worker is treated like a commodity under the capitalist system. An excess supply of workers leads many to become beggars or starve. The life of th e worker is dependant on the whims and desires of the rich and capitalists. Any fluctuations in the market price make the worker lose everything. The capitalist can direct capital into another channel which forces the workers to submit to every demand of the capitalist (Tucker 52). Karl Marx stated the worker does not gain anything beneficial when the capitalist does, but he always loses when the latter loses. Marx explained that workers are eventually the losers because of the monopolies and trade secrets of the capitalist. The prices of labor are constant as compared with the prices of other commodities. The wages of the labor are different when compared with the profits of the capitalists. Marx believed that individual activity should be rewarded but capitalism denies that reward and is indifferent to individual activity. Generally Karl observed that workers have to

Cytoplasmic Streaming in Cells | Experiment

Cytoplasmic Streaming in Cells | Experiment Cytoplasmic streaming is the cells transport system which moves a cells content around as required . This occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, the fluid which fills the space between organelles and contains cell solutes. Movement in the cytoplasm is thought to be facilitated by actin-myosin motors (Britannica, 2012). These are molecules made up of the two proteins actin and myosin which interact to move solutes and even organelles around the cell. Long actin filaments line the cell and myosin molecules run along these filaments via active transport and attach to organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum (ribosomes) and mitochondria, transporting them around the cell along with the surrounding solutes in the cytoplasm (Kachar and Reece, 1988). The actin filaments run parallel to the direction of streaming in the cell. Nitella is a genus consisting of various species of freshwater pond alga. These algae are weed like in appearance and have large rectangular cells observable by the naked eye. Each cell begins and ends at a node. Nitella species are thought to rely heavily on the actin-myosin protein motors to facilitate cytoplasmic streaming (Palevitz et al, 1974). Cytochalasin are class of drugs derived from fungi (Turner, 1971). These drugs interfere with the interaction between actin and myosin by binding to the actin filaments that line the cell and reducing the capacity for the myosin molecules to bind (BIOL1004 Lab Manual, 2012). This then is thought to affect the rate of cytoplasmic streaming in the cell. This report will analyse the affect of two different types of Cytochalasin drugs (C and D) which are similar in structure but differ in the strength of the bonds they form with the actin filaments. Aim To observe cytoplasmic streaming in cells under the microscope and compare the effects of cytochalasin C and D on the speed of cytoplasmic streaming in Nitella cells via statistical analysis. Methods and Materials The method and materials used in this experiment is outlined in the: BIOL1004: Molecular and Cell Biology à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ Practical Manual (2012) on pp. 54-55 written by the Research School of Biology for the Australian National University. The following deviations from the aforementioned method are noted: The width of each cell was measured for comparison rather than the length as the cells were far too long to fit within the microscope field of view. Results and Statistical Analysis 500 The average width of the cells was calculated at 183.9um. The table above summaries the important statistics calculated from the experimental data. Each data set appears to be comparative to each other, however it is noted that cells 1.2, 3.2 and 4.2 have higher than average variances which indicates a possible deviation from normal distribution. Figure 1 presents graphically the speed of streaming against the width of the cell. The linear trend line indicates a slight negative relationship between cell size and streaming speed. Table 2 summarises the important statistics of each of the test groups. High variance values for the test groups other than the control group indicate a deviation from normal distribution, however the numbers are similar and thus the data sets are comparable. The results indicate that upon addition of both cytochalasin drugs the rate of cytoplasmic streaming fell from that observed in the control test. The recovery test taken after flushing the Cytochalasin from the slide with pond water indicates the rate is increasing, but has not quite reached the rate as observed in the control test. Table 3 summarises the values calculated for a number of t tests performed to assist in analysis of the data. From this it can be concluded that we can have no less than 98% confidence that the rate of steaming with the addition of both cytochalasin drugs is significantly different from the normal or control streaming rate. These t tests also give an indication that the size of the cell influences the rate of streaming as the difference in speed between cells 3.2 and 4.2 which have the same recorded width has been determined not to be significant, while the difference in speed between the biggest and smallest cells is significant. However, these results are not consistent when comparing different data sets both of similar widths and of different widths. Discussion As summarised in the results the change in the rate or speed of cytoplasmic streaming in the Nitella cells upon the addition of the drugs Cytochalasin C and D was significantly different to that of the control rate, with 98% and 99.9% confidence respectively. This is as expected. However as noted in Table 2 this change in speed was observed as a deceleration on the addition of both drugs. A deceleration of cytoplasmic streaming is expected with the addition of cytochalasin D, which is a well documented actin inhibitor. The drug binds to the actin filaments and changing the secondary structure and inhibiting the actin-myosin interactions (Binder and Tamm, 2003). However, even though cytochalasin C has a similar shape, it does not bind to actin as tightly as cytochalasin D (BIOL1004: Lab Manual, 2012) and does not have the same affect on actin-myosin communication. A study in the Plant Cell Physiology journal documented that cytochalasin C had no real affect on the rate of cytoplasmic streaming even at very high concentrations (Foissner and Wasteneys, 2007). Thus the deceleration with the addition of cytochalasin C, as change that has been confirmed as significant via statistical analysis is not the expected result. It is possible that the deceleration of cytoplasmic streaming in this case could be due to the differing salt concentrations between the pond water and the cytochalasin C in solution. As Nitella is normally found in freshwater that is hypotonic, the replacement of the normal pond water on the slide with the drug in a hypertonic solution (with respect to the pond water) may have inadvertently caused the cells to change their osmolarity to compensate (Ladgies et al, 2010). A study has shown that transcellular osmosis in Nitella species can cause inhibition of cytoplasmic streaming (Tazawa et al, 1993). Further support for this explanation comes from the increase in streaming rate on recovery from treatment with the drug, where the hypertonic solution wa s flushed away and replaced with isotonic pond water (with respect to the cells). It should be noted that the statistics show there is 90% confidence that the difference between the rate of streaming with the addition of each drug respectively was significant, thus it follows that the cytochalasin D was a much stronger inhibitor to the rate of streaming than that which caused the deceleration in the cytochalasin C test. The relationship between width of the cell and rate of streaming is not quite clear. Figure 1 appears to indicate that there is a negative relationship between the two, thus as cell width increases the rate of streaming would decrease. However, the statistics provided by the t tests were inconclusive as to whether the differences between streaming rate for various sized cells were significant or not. If it were true that large size indicated a slower rate of streaming, then it should follow that all t tests between data sets of cells with similar widths would indicate a non-significant difference, however only one of the three tests yields this result. Similarly, the t tests between the data sets of different sized cells should indicate a significant difference; yet again only one out of the three tests yields this result. Further analysis with a larger data set could be required to confirm the trend observed in figure 1. Therefore this experiment has demonstrated the decelerating effect of cytochalasin D on the rate of cytoplasmic streaming in Nitella cells due to its inhibition of the actin-myosin motor and has indicated a possible link between changing osmolarity and relative rate of cytoplasmic streaming in Nitella cells.

Shedding a Different Spotlight on the Argument from Design :: Essays Papers

Shedding a Different Spotlight on the Argument from Design "Author is to book, as painter is to __________." Anyone who has taken the SAT is familiar with analogies similar to this one. The significance of analogies relies on the fact that analogies not only tell us about the meaning of words, but they tell us about the relationships of the world. In discussing our world, a well-known, much-debated topic has been the existence of God. Many arguments have been presented on both sides of this issue, the teleological argument (the argument from design) is one of the most discussed. This argument is better understood and supported using analogies. The key is to find an analogy that is grounded and plausible enough to stand up to sharp critiques. The teleological argument is a valid and plausible argument, because it allows enough evidence for the relationship of the Creator and the world to be analogous to that of a director and a musical. The basics of the teleological argument include the statement that the apparent design of the world suggests a Designer. William Paley, the populizer of this argument, uses an analogy that states the relationship of the Creator to creation is like that of a watch-maker to a watch (Rowe & Wainwright 155). The core of this argument is the claim that the design of the world suggests an intelligent designer. It further states that "something suggests intelligence if (1) it serves the sorts of ends that human minds typically propose to themselves†¦ and (2) the results are achieved in a reasonably effective manner" (Wainwright 52). This is the ground where this paper will begin to formulate an analogy that increases the plausibility of the design argument. The analogy I prefer is theatrical. The participants in a musical play include the musicians, actors, singers, dancers, stage and crew members. Each of these members is an integral piece in the body of the production. The director is the heart-beat of the production. Without the director, there would not be a musical. The director begins the formation of the musical with an end in mind-- a vision. The director uses a variety of methods to convey this vision to the players involved while guiding them in making that vision a reality. The players must cooperate with each other throughout the process and follow the director's instructions in order for the production to even resemble the director's vision.

Why Many Malaysian Professionals Prefer Working in Foreign Countries?

Why many Malaysian professionals prefer working in foreign countries instead of serving their own country In recent years, Malaysian professionals leave the country seek new life in a foreign country. There are many reasons why they prefer to working in other country such as high salary, technological infrastructure and balance life. The Malaysian professionals prefer to work in foreign country because the other country provide higher salary to their worker. Malaysian salaries are significantly lower than other country.So, they leave the Malaysia and stay at developed countries. They also leave Malaysia because encouragement of their parents. According to Sherilyn Foong (2010), a private equity manager, has stated that many Malaysian have left to Singapore’s Asian scholarship programme. After three years, she taken up permanent residence at Singapore. She said she can’t find jobs in Malaysia. One reason why Malaysian prefer to work in foreign country is higher technolog ical infrastructures. They prefer to go to the country that have high technology infrastructure. Similar essay: Advantages and Disadvantages of Foreign Workers EssayThat technological infrastructure can help them to do their work easily. According to Magladen K (2010), many Malaysian like to work in Singapore. This is because they like the island’s environment, good infrastructure and efficient system. She also like the efficient public transport system in Singapore and the low crime is another reason she work in Singapore. Besides that, another reason is balance life. The Malaysian prefer to work in balance life between working time and time with family. In Malaysia, they have to work overtime every day.According to Aileen Ko (2010), her life is more balanced after she works in London. In London, they allow flexible working hours. She have time to rest and spend her time with her family. In conclusion, there are many reasons why they prefer to working in other country such as high salary, technological infrastructure and balance life. So, to attract the Malaysian to work in their own country, the Governmnet should offers higher salary, high technology infrastructure and balance life to the worker who work in Malaysia.

Perl programming language Essay

Perl is a high level programming language as it is designed to take care of the various problems of the business users. It facilitates programming for a wide range of tasks such as system administration, web development, network programming, excellent support for text processing, collection of third party modules and Graphical User Interface development. The most special feature of this language is that it can enable one to adopt multiple programming and design paradigms such as procedural, object oriented and functional styles. This allows one to take any shape when it comes to serving a larger domain of programmers with varied objectives. Perl programming language also facilitates reference counting memory management schemes which help the garbage collection algorithms to dereference the unused objects in the memory (Sheppard, 2000). One of the biggest ability of Perl as a programming language is that it can facilitate the use of databases and efficient use of SQL language. Its database drivers which are implemented as third party modules can access up to 50 databases. Perl optimizes jobs for performance and makes sure that it is tuned for performance using the inline codes of ‘C’ and ‘Assembler’. The interpreted nature makes it possible to insert inline modules of other languages thus also making the programming language slower in performance. Perl is also used in writing CGI scripts which facilitated web programming to a large extent. Major website’s like amazon. com, bbc. com and many others use Perl almost extensively. Perl is termed as a glue language as it happens to interface successfully with systems and various interfaces for data transfer and use.

Gulf of Mexico Habitat and Marine Life

Gulf of Mexico Habitat and Marine Life Gulf of Mexico Facts The Gulf of Mexico covers about 600,000 square miles, making it the 9th largest body of water in the world. It is bordered by the U.S. states of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, the Mexican coast to Cancun, and Cuba. Human Uses of the Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico is an important area for commercial and recreational fishing and wildlife watching. It is also the location of offshore drilling, supporting about 4,000 oil and natural gas platforms. The Gulf of Mexico has been in the news recently because of the explosion of the oil rig Deepwater Horizon. This has affected commercial fishing, recreation and the overall economy of the area, as well as threatening marine life. Types of Habitat The Gulf of Mexico is thought to have formed by subsidence, a slow sinking of the seafloor, about 300 million years ago. The Gulf has a variety of habitats, from shallow coastal areas and coral reefs to deep underwater areas. The Gulfs deepest area is Sigsbee Deep, which is estimated to be about 13,000 feet deep. According to the EPA, about 40% of the Gulf of Mexico are shallow intertidal areas. About 20% are areas over 9,000 feet deep, allowing the Gulf to support deep-diving animals such as sperm and beaked whales. Waters on the continental shelf and continental slope, between 600-9,000 feet deep, comprise about 60% of the Gulf of Mexico. Offshore Platforms as Habitat Although their presence is controversial, offshore oil and natural gas platforms provide habitats in themselves, attracting species as an artificial reef would. Fish, invertebrates and even sea turtles sometimes congregate on and around the platforms, and they provide a stopping point for birds (see this poster from the U.S. Minerals Management Service for more). Marine Life in the Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico supports a wide variety of marine life, including wide-ranging whales and dolphins, coastal-dwelling manatees, fish including tarpon and snapper, and invertebrates such as shellfish, corals, and worms. Reptiles such as sea turtles (Kemps ridley, leatherback, loggerhead, green and hawksbill) and alligators also thrive here. The Gulf of Mexico also provides important habitat for both native and migrating birds. Threats to the Gulf of Mexico Although the number of large oil spills relative to the huge number of drilling rigs is small, spills can be disastrous when they occur, as evidenced by the impact of the BP/Deepwater Horizon spill in 2010 on marine habitat, marine life, fishermen and the overall economy of the Gulf Coast states. Other threats include overfishing, coastal development, discharge of fertilizers and other chemicals into the Gulf (forming a Dead Zone, an area lacking oxygen). Sources: Gulf of Mexico Foundation. Gulf of Mexico: Facts and Threats (Online) Accessed May 21, 2010.Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium. Hypoxia In the Gulf of Mexico (Online) Accessed May 21, 2010.Minerals Management Service Gulf of Mexico Region Environmental Information (Online) Accessed May 21, 2010.US EPA. General Facts About the Gulf of Mexico. (Online) Accessed May 21, 2010.